23.2.4. Raster miscellaneous¶

Build overviews (pyramids)
Build virtual raster
gdal2tiles
Merge
Pansharpening
Raster calculator
Raster information
Retile
Tile index

23.2.4.1. Build overviews (pyramids)¶

To speed up rendering time of raster layers overviews (pyramids) can be created. Overviews are lower resolution copies of the data which QGIS uses depending of the level of zoom.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL addo utility.

Default menu: Raster ▶ Miscellaneous

23.2.4.1.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input raster layer
Overview levels	`LEVELS`	[string] Default: «2 4 8 16»	Defines the number of overview levels calculated by the original resolution of the input raster layer. By default 4 levels will be taken into consideration.
Remove all existing overviews	`CLEAN`	[boolean] Default: False	Removes existing overviews from the raster. By default these are not removed.
Resampling method Opţional	`RESAMPLING`	[enumeration] Default: 0	Calculates the overviews with a defined resampling method. Possible resampling methods are: 0 – Nearest Neighbour (`nearest`) 1 – Average (`average`) 2 – Gaussian (`gauss`) 3 – Cubic Convolution (`cubic`) 4 – B-Spline Convolution (`cubicspline`) 5 – Lanczos Windowed Sinc (`lanczos`) 6 – Average MP (`average_mp`) 7 – Average in Mag/Phase Space (`average_magphase`) 8 – Mode (`mode`)
Overviews format Opţional	`FORMAT`	[enumeration] Default: 0	The overviews can be stored internally, or externally as GTiff or ERDAS Imagine file. By default the overviews are stored in the output raster. Possible formats methods are: 0 – Internal (if possible) 1 – External (GTiff .ovr) 2 – External (ERDAS Imagine .aux)
Additional command-line parameters Opţional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Pyramidized	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster layer

23.2.4.1.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Pyramidized	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster layer with overviews

23.2.4.1.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:overviews

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.2. Build virtual raster ¶

Builds a VRT (Virtual Dataset) that is a mosaic of the list of input GDAL-supported rasters. With a mosaic you can merge several raster files.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL buildvrt utility.

Default menu: Raster ▶ Miscellaneous

23.2.4.2.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input layers	`INPUT`	[raster] [list]	GDAL-supported raster layers.
Resolution	`RESOLUTION`	[enumeration] Default: 0	The output resolution of the mosaic. By default the average resolution of the raster files will be chosen. Opţiuni: 0 — Average (`average`) 1 — Highest (`highest`) 2 — Lowest (`lowest`)
Place each input file into a separate band	`SEPARATE`	[boolean] Default: True	With «True» you can define that each raster file goes into a separated stacked band in the VRT band.
Allow projection difference	`PROJ_DIFFERENCE`	[boolean] Default: False	Allows that the output bands have different projections derived from the projection of the input raster layers.
Add alpha mask band to VRT when source raster has none	`ADD_ALPHA`	[boolean] Default: False	Adds an alpha mask band to the VRT when the source raster has none.
Override projection for the output file (optional)	`ASSIGN_CRS`	[crs] Default: None	Overrides the projection for the output file. No reprojection is done.
Resampling algorithm	`RESAMPLING`	[enumeration] Default: 0	The resampling algorithm to be used Opţiuni: 0 — Nearest Neighbour (`nearest`) 1 — Bilinear (`bilinear`) 2 — Cubic Convolution (`cubic`) 3 — B-Spline Convolution (`cubicspline`) 4 — Lanczos Windowed Sinc (`lanczos`) 5 — Average (`average`) 6 — Mode (`mode`)
Nodata value(s) for input bands (space separated) Opţional	`SRC_NODATA`	[string] Default: None	Space separated Nodata value(s) for input band(s)
Additional command-line parameters	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Virtual	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specification of the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File… The file encoding can also be changed here.

23.2.4.2.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Virtual	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster layer

23.2.4.2.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:buildvirtualraster

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.3. gdal2tiles ¶

Generates a directory with small tiles and metadata, following the OSGeo Tile Map Service Specification. See also the OpenGIS Web Map Tile Service Implementation Standard. Simple web pages with viewers based on Google Maps, OpenLayers and Leaflet are generated as well. To explore your maps on-line in the web browser, you only need to upload the generated directory onto a web server.

This algorithm also creates the necessary metadata for Google Earth (KML SuperOverlay), in case the supplied map uses EPSG:4326 projection.

ESRI world files and embedded georeferencing is used during tile generation, but you can publish a picture without proper georeferencing too.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL gdal2tiles utility.

23.2.4.3.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	GDAL-supported raster layer.
Tile cutting profile	`PROFILE`	[enumeration] Default: 0	One of: 0 — Mercator (`mercator`) 1 — Geodetic (`geodetic`) 2 — Raster (`raster`)
Zoom levels to render Opţional	`ZOOM`	[string] Default: «»
Web viewer to generate	`VIEWER`	[enumerate] Default: 0	One of: 0 — All (`all`) 1 — GoogleMaps (`google`) 2 — OpenLayers (`openlayers`) 3 — Leaflet (`leaflet`) 4 — None (`none`)
Title of the map Opţional	`TITLE`	[string] Default: «»
Copyright of the map	`COPYRIGHT`	[string] Default: «»
Resampling method	`RESAMPLING`	[enumeration] Default: 0	The resampling algorithm to be used Opţiuni: 0 — Average (`average`) 1 — Nearest neighbour (`near`) 2 — Bilinear (`bilinear`) 3 — Cubic (`cubic`) 4 — Cubic spline (`cubicspline`) 5 — Lanczos Windowed sinc (`lanczos`) 6 — Antialias (`antialias`)
The spatial reference system used for the source input data Opţional	`SOURCE_CRS`	[crs] Default: None
Transparency value to assign to the input data Opţional	`NODATA`	[number] Default: 0.0
URL address where the generated tiles are going to be published Opţional	`URL`	[string] Default: «»
Google Maps API key (http://code.google.com/apis/maps/signup.html) Opţional	`GOOGLE_KEY`	[string] Default: «»	Your Google maps API key.
Bing Maps API key (https://www.bingmapsportal.com/) Opţional	`BING_KEY`	[string] Default: «»	Your Bing maps API key.
Generate only missing files	`RESUME`	[boolean] Default: False
Generate KML for Google Earth	`KML`	[boolean] Default: False
Avoid automatic generation of KML files for EPSG:4326	`NO_KML`	[boolean] Default: False
Output directory	`OUTPUT`	[folder] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output folder for the tiles.

23.2.4.3.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Output directory	`OUTPUT`	[folder]	The output folder (for the tiles)

23.2.4.3.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:gdal2tiles

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.4. Merge ¶

Merges raster files in a simple way. Here you can use a pseudocolor table from an input raster and define the output raster type. All the images must be in the same coordinate system.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL merge utility.

Default menu: Raster ▶ Miscellaneous

23.2.4.4.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input layers	`INPUT`	[raster] [list]	Input raster layers
Grab pseudocolor table from first layer	`PCT`	[boolean] Default: False	The pseudocolor table from the first layer will be used for the coloring
Place each input file into a separate band	`SEPARATE`	[boolean] Default: False	Place each input file into a separate band
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the format of the output raster file. Opţiuni: 0 — Byte 1 — Int16 2 — UInt16 3 — UInt32 4 — Int32 5 — Float32 6 — Float64 7 — CInt16 8 — CInt32 9 — CFloat32 10 — CFloat64
Input pixel value to treat as „nodata” Opţional	`NODATA_INPUT`	[number] Default: None	Ignores pixels from files being merged in with this pixel value
Assign specified „nodata” value to output Opţional	`NODATA_OUTPUT`	[number] Default: None	Assigns the specified nodata value to output bands.
Additional creation options Opţional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: «»	Pentru adăugarea uneia sau mai multor opțiuni de control la crearea rasterului (ex.: culori, dimensiunea blocului, compresia fișierului…). Pentru ușurință, vă puteți baza pe profiluri predefinite (consultați Secțiunea opțiunilor driver-ului GDAL).
Additional command-line parameters	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Merged	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specification of the output raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File… The file encoding can also be changed here.

23.2.4.4.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Merged	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output raster layer

23.2.4.4.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:merge

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.5. Pansharpening ¶

Performs a pan-sharpening operation. It can create a „classic” output dataset (such as GeoTIFF), or a VRT dataset describing the pan-sharpening operation.

See GDAL Pansharpen.

23.2.4.5.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Spectral dataset	`SPECTRAL`	[raster]	Input (spectral) raster layer
Panchromatic dataset	`PANCHROMATIC`	[raster]	Input (panchromatic) raster layer
Resampling algorithm	`RESAMPLING`	[enumeration] Default: 2	The resampling algorithm to be used Opţiuni: 0 — Nearest Neighbour (`nearest`) 1 — Bilinear (`bilinear`) 2 — Cubic (`cubic`) 3 — Cubic Spline (`cubicspline`) 4 — Lanczos Windowed Sinc (`lanczos`) 5 — Average (`average`)
Additional creation options Opţional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: «»	Pentru adăugarea uneia sau mai multor opțiuni de control la crearea rasterului (ex.: culori, dimensiunea blocului, compresia fișierului…). Pentru ușurință, vă puteți baza pe profiluri predefinite (consultați Secțiunea opțiunilor driver-ului GDAL).
Additional command-line parameters Opţional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Rezultat	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output (sharpened) raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File… The file encoding can also be changed here.

23.2.4.5.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Rezultat	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output (sharpened) raster layer

23.2.4.5.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:pansharp

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.6. Raster calculator ¶

Command line raster calculator with numpy syntax. Use any basic arithmetic supported by numpy arrays, such as +, -, *, and / along with logical operators, such as >. Note that all input rasters must have the same dimensions, but no projection checking is performed.

See the GDAL Raster Calculator utility docs.

Vezi și

Raster calculator

23.2.4.6.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input layer A	`INPUT_A`	[raster]	First input raster layer (mandatory)
Number of raster band for A	`BAND_A`	[raster band]	Band for input layer A (mandatory)
Input layer B Opţional	`INPUT_B`	[raster] Default: None	Second input raster layer
Number of raster band for B Opţional	`BAND_B`	[raster band]	Band for input layer B
Input layer C Opţional	`INPUT_C`	[raster] Default: None	Third input raster layer
Number of raster band for C Opţional	`BAND_C`	[raster band]	Band for input layer C
Input layer D Opţional	`INPUT_D`	[raster] Default: None	Fourth input raster layer
Number of raster band for D Opţional	`BAND_D`	[raster band]	Band for input layer D
Input layer E Opţional	`INPUT_E`	[raster] Default: None	Fifth input raster layer
Number of raster band for E Opţional	`BAND_E`	[raster band]	Band for input layer E
Input layer F Opţional	`INPUT_F`	[raster]	Sixth input raster layer
Number of raster band for F Opţional	`BAND_F`	[raster band] Default: None	Band for input layer F
*Calculation in gdalnumeric syntax using +-/ or any numpy array functions (i.e. logical_and())**	`FORMULA`	[string] Default: «»	The calculation formula. Examples: `A(A>0)` — outputs the value of the raster A if the value of A is greater than 0. If not, outputs 0. `A(A>0 and A>B)`— outputs the value of A if that value is bigger than 0 and bigger than the value of B. If not, outputs 0. `Alogical_or(A<=177,A>=185)` — outputs the value of A if A <= 177 or A >= 185. If not, outputs 0. `sqrt(AA+B*B)` — Outputs the square root of the sum of the value of A squared and the value of B squared.
Set output nodata value Opţional	`NO_DATA`	[number] Default: None	Value to use for nodata
Output raster type	`RTYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the format of the output raster file. Opţiuni: 0 — Byte 1 — Int16 2 — UInt16 3 — UInt32 4 — Int32 5 — Float32 6 — Float64
Additional creation options Opţional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: «»	Pentru adăugarea uneia sau mai multor opțiuni de control la crearea rasterului (ex.: culori, dimensiunea blocului, compresia fișierului…). Pentru ușurință, vă puteți baza pe profiluri predefinite (consultați Secțiunea opțiunilor driver-ului GDAL).
Additional command-line parameters Opţional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: «»	Add extra GDAL command line options
Calculated	`OUTPUT`	[raster] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the output (calculated) raster layer. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File… The file encoding can also be changed here.

23.2.4.6.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Calculated	`OUTPUT`	[raster]	Output (calculated) raster layer

23.2.4.6.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:rastercalculator

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.7. Raster information ¶

The gdalinfo program lists various information about a GDAL supported raster dataset.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL info utility.

Default menu: Raster ▶ Miscellaneous

23.2.4.7.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input layer	`INPUT`	[raster]	Input raster layer
Force computation of the actual min/max values for each band	`MIN_MAX`	[boolean] Default: False	Forces computation of the actual min/max values for each band in the dataset
Read and display image statistics (force computation if necessary)	`STATS`	[boolean] Default: False	Reads and displays image statistics. Forces computation if no statistics are stored in an image.
Suppress GCP info	`NO_GCP`	[boolean] Default: False	Suppresses ground control points list printing. It may be useful for datasets with huge amount of GCPs, such as L1B AVHRR or HDF4 MODIS which contain thousands of them.
Suppress metadata info	`NO_METADATA`	[boolean] Default: False	Suppresses metadata printing. Some datasets may contain a lot of metadata strings.
Additional command-line parameters	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: None	Add extra GDAL command line options
Layer information	`OUTPUT`	[html] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the HTML file for output. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File… The file encoding can also be changed here.

23.2.4.7.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Layer information	`OUTPUT`	[html]	The HTML file containing information about the input raster layer

23.2.4.7.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:gdalinfo

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.8. Retile ¶

Retiles a set of input tiles. All the input tiles must be georeferenced in the same coordinate system and have a matching number of bands. Optionally pyramid levels are generated.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL Retile utility.

23.2.4.8.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input files	`INPUT`	[raster] [list]	The input raster files
Tile width	`TILE_SIZE_X`	[number] Default: 256	Width of the tiles in pixels (minimum 0)
Tile height	`TILE_SIZE_Y`	[number] Default: 256	Height of the tiles in pixels (minimum 0)
Overlap in pixels between consecutive tiles	`OVERLAP`	[number] Default: 0
Number of pyramid levels to build	`LEVELS`	[number] Default: 1	Minimum: 0
Source coordinate reference system	`SOURCE_CRS`	[crs] Default: None
Resampling method	`RESAMPLING`	[enumeration] Default: 0	The resampling algorithm to be used Opţiuni: 0 — Nearest Neighbour (`nearest`) 1 — Bilinear (`bilinear`) 2 — Cubic (`cubic`) 3 — Cubic Spline (`cubicspline`) 4 — Lanczos Windowed Sinc (`lanczos`)
Column delimiter used in the CSV file Opţional	`DELIMITER`	[string] Default: «;»	Delimiter to use in the CSV file containing the tile(s) georeferencing information
Additional creation options Opţional	`OPTIONS`	[string] Default: «»	Pentru adăugarea uneia sau mai multor opțiuni de control la crearea rasterului (ex.: culori, dimensiunea blocului, compresia fișierului…). Pentru ușurință, vă puteți baza pe profiluri predefinite (consultați Secțiunea opțiunilor driver-ului GDAL).
Additional command-line parameters Opţional	`EXTRA`	[string] Default: «»	Add extra GDAL command line options
Output data type	`DATA_TYPE`	[enumeration] Default: 5	Defines the format of the output raster file. Opţiuni: 0 — Byte 1 — Int16 2 — UInt16 3 — UInt32 4 — Int32 5 — Float32 6 — Float64 7 — CInt16 8 — CInt32 9 — CFloat32 10 — CFloat64
Build only the pyramids	`ONLY_PYRAMIDS`	[boolean] Default: False
Use separate directory for each tile row	`DIR_FOR_ROW`	[boolean] Default: False
Output directory	`OUTPUT`	[folder] Default: `[Save to temporary folder]`	Specify the output folder for the tiles. One of: Save to Temporary Directory Save to Directory… The file encoding can also be changed here.
CSV file containing the tile(s) georeferencing information	`OUTPUT_CSV`	[file] Default: `[Skip output]`	One of: Skip Output Save to a Temporary File Save to File… The file encoding can also be changed here.

23.2.4.8.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Output directory	`OUTPUT`	[folder]	The output folder for the tiles.
CSV file containing the tile(s) georeferencing information	`OUTPUT_CSV`	[file]	The CSV file with georeferencing information for the tiles.

23.2.4.8.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:retile

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.

23.2.4.9. Tile index ¶

Builds a vector layer with a record for each input raster file, an attribute containing the filename, and a polygon geometry outlining the raster. This output is suitable for use with MapServer as a raster tileindex.

This algorithm is derived from the GDAL Tile Index utility.

Default menu: Raster ▶ Miscellaneous

23.2.4.9.1. Parametri¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Input files	`LAYERS`	[raster] [list]	The input raster files. Can be multiple files.
Field name to hold the file path to the indexed rasters	`PATH_FIELD_NAME` Optional	[string] Default: «location»	The output field name to hold the file path/location to the indexed rasters.
Store absolute path to the indexed rasters	`ABSOLUTE_PATH`	[boolean] Default: False	Set whether the absolute path to the raster files is stored in the tile index file. By default the raster filenames will be put in the file exactly as they are specified in the command.
Skip files with different projection reference	`PROJ_DIFFERENCE`	[boolean] Default: False	Only files with same projection as files already inserted in the tile index will be inserted. Default does not check projection and accepts all inputs.
Transform geometries to the given CRS Opţional	`TARGET_CRS`	[crs]	Geometries of input files will be transformed to the specified target coordinate reference system. Default creates simple rectangular polygons in the same coordinate reference system as the input rasters.
The name of the field to store the SRS of each tile Opţional	`CRS_FIELD_NAME`	[string]	The name of the field to store the SRS of each tile
The format in which the CRS of each tile must be written	`CRS_FORMAT`	[enumeration] Default: 0	Format for the CRS. One of: 0 – Auto (`AUTO`) 1 – Well-known text (`WKT`) 2 – EPSG (`EPSG`) 3 – Proj.4 (`PROJ`)
Tile index	`OUTPUT`	[vector: polygon] Default: `[Save to temporary file]`	Specify the polygon vector layer to write the index to. One of: Save to a Temporary File Save to File The file encoding can also be changed here.

23.2.4.9.2. Rezultat¶

Etichetă	Nume	Tipul	Descriere
Tile index	`OUTPUT`	[vector: polygon]	The polygon vector layer with the tile index.

23.2.4.9.3. Python code¶

Algorithm ID: gdal:tileindex

import processing
processing.run("algorithm_id", {parameter_dictionary})

ID-ul algoritmului se afișează atunci când treceți peste algoritmul din caseta instrumentelor de procesare. Dicționarul parametrilor furnizează valorile și NUMELE parametrilor. Pentru detalii despre rularea algoritmilor de procesare din consola Python, parcurgeți Utilizarea algoritmilor de procesare din consolă.